1.Main points
This page is also available atWelsh (Welsh) (PDF, 358KB).
The gender identity census question was a voluntary question asked of people aged 16 and over. The question asked "Is the gender you identify with the same as your gender recorded at birth?".
In total, 45.7 million (94.0% of the population aged 16 and over) answered the question.
In total, 45.4 million (93.5%) answered "Yes" and 262,000 (0.5%) answered "No".
The remaining 2.9 million (6.0%) did not answer the question.
Tell us what you think about this post byanswering some questions.
Return to table of contents2.Gender identity
Gender identity refers to a person's sense of their gender, whether it is male or female or another category, such as non-binary. This may or may not be the same as their registered gender at birth.
The gender identity question was new for the 2021 Census. It was added to provide the first official data on the size of the transgender population in England and Wales. The data will help:
provide better quality information for monitoring purposes
supporting anti-discrimination duties under the Equality Act 2010;
aid allocation for resources and policy development
The question was voluntary and was only asked of people aged 16 and over. People were asked "Is the gender you identify with the same as your gender recorded at birth?" and had the option to select either "Yes" or "No" and write their gender identity.
Across England and Wales, there were responses from 45.7 million people (94.0% of the population aged 16 and over).
A total of 45.4 million (93.5%) answered 'Yes', indicating that their gender identity was the same as the gender recorded at birth.
A total of 262,000 people (0.5%) answered 'No', indicating that their gender identity was different from their registered gender at birth. Within this group:
118,000 (0.24%) answered "No" but did not provide a written answer
48,000 (0.10%) identified as a transgender man
48,000 (0.10%) identified as a transgender woman
30,000 (0.06%) identified as non-binary
18,000 (0.04%) wrote in with a different gender identity
The remaining 2.9 million (6.0%) did not answer the gender identity question.
Figure 1: Gender identity, 2021, England and Wales
Integration code
Download the data
.xlsx
Return to table of contents3.How gender identity differed in England and Wales
2021 Census data reveals how gender identity differed in England and Wales. As the question was voluntary, please consider differences in response rates when comparing between different regions.
The proportion of the population aged 16 and over who reported that their gender identity was different from their sex at birth was slightly higher in England (0.55%) than in Wales (0.40%).
Within England, the region with the highest proportion reporting that their gender identity was different to their gender at birth was London (0.91%) and the region with the lowest was the South West (0.42% ).
Compared to England and Wales as a whole, London had higher proportions of people who identified as a trans man (0.16%), who identified as a trans woman (0.16%) and who answered 'No' but did not provide written as response (0.46%).
Area Name | Genus ID card the same as sex registered at birth (percent) | Genus ID card different from registered gender at birth but not specific given identity (percent) | Trans woman (percent) | Trans man (percent) | Non- binary (percent) | All the others genus identities (percent) | Not he answered (percent) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
England | 93,47 | 0,25 | 0,10 | 0,10 | 0,06 | 0,04 | 5,98 |
Wales | 93,28 | 0,16 | 0,07 | 0,08 | 0,06 | 0,04 | 6.32 |
North East | 94,81 | 0,20 | 0,08 | 0,09 | 0,06 | 0,03 | 4.73 |
North west | 94,19 | 0,23 | 0,09 | 0,09 | 0,06 | 0,03 | 5.31 |
Yorkshire and The Humber | 93,65 | 0,25 | 0,09 | 0,09 | 0,06 | 0,04 | 5,81 |
East Midlands | 93,44 | 0,22 | 0,08 | 0,09 | 0,06 | 0,03 | 6.08 |
west Midlands | 93,14 | 0,26 | 0,10 | 0,10 | 0,05 | 0,03 | 6.33 |
East of it England | 93,92 | 0,20 | 0,09 | 0,09 | 0,05 | 0,04 | 5.62 |
London | 91,21 | 0,46 | 0,16 | 0,16 | 0,08 | 0,05 | 7,88 |
South East | 94.12 | 0,18 | 0,09 | 0,09 | 0,07 | 0,04 | 5.42 |
South west | 93,99 | 0,14 | 0,08 | 0,08 | 0,07 | 0,04 | 5,59 |
Download this tableTable 1: Gender identity, 2021, England, Wales and regions of England
.xls.csv
Of the 10 local authorities with the highest proportion of people aged 16 and over whose gender identity was different from their sex at birth, 8 were in London, with Newham (1.51%) and Brent (1.51%) 31%) to top the list. The two local authorities outside London in the top 10 were Oxford (1.25%), which was third, and Norwich (1.07%), which was ninth. In Wales, the local authorities with the highest rates were Cardiff (0.71%) and Ceredigion (0.70%).
In terms of specific gender identities, Brent and Newham also had the highest proportion identifying as trans male (0.28% and 0.25%, respectively), while Barking and Dagenham had the highest proportion identifying as trans female ( 0.25%). Newham also had the highest proportion of people who answered 'No' but did not answer in writing (0.91%). In Wales, Cardiff had the highest proportion who identified as a trans man (0.12%) and also had the highest proportion who identified as a trans woman (0.13%).
The five local authorities with the highest proportion of the population aged 16 and over who identified as non-binary were all outside London. Brighton and Hove had the highest rate (0.35%), followed by Norwich (0.33%) and Cambridge (0.26%). In fifth place was Ceredigion (0.23%), which had the highest proportion identifying as non-binary of any local authority in Wales.
Figure 2: Gender identity, 2021, local authorities in England and Wales
Integration code
Source: National Statistical Service – Census 2021
Download the data
.xlsx
Return to table of contents4.Future publications
More detailed data and analyzes on gender identity will be published in the coming months, alongside the publication of multivariate data. Read more about ourssexual orientation and gender identity analysis plansandrelease plans for the 2021 Censusmore generally.
5.Gender identity, England and Wales: data
Gender identity
Dataset | Released on January 6, 2023
This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usual residents aged 16 and over in England and Wales by gender identity.
Gender identity (in detail)
Dataset | Released on January 6, 2023
This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usual residents aged 16 and over in England and Wales by gender identity.
6.Glossary
Gender identity
Gender identity refers to a person's sense of their gender, whether it is male or female or another category, such as non-binary. This may or may not be the same as their registered gender at birth.
Gender identity other than the gender registered at birth, but no specific identity given
These are people who answered "No" to the question "Is the gender you identify with the gender you registered at birth?" but it didn't say gender identity.
Non-binary
A non-binary does not identify with the binary categories of male and female. In these results the category includes people who identified with the specific term "non-binary" or variations thereof. However, those who used other terms to describe an identity that was neither male nor female have been classified into the All Other Gender Identities category.
Trans man
A trans man is someone who was registered female at birth but now identifies as male.
Trans woman
A trans woman is someone who was registered male at birth but now identifies as female.
Ordinary resident
Ordinarily resident is anyone who on Census Day, 21 March 2021, was in the UK and had stayed or intended to stay in the UK for a period of 12 months or more or had a permanent UK address and was outside the UK and intended to be outside the UK for less than 12 months.
Return to table of contents7.Measure the data
Reference date
The census provides estimates of the characteristics of all people and households in England and Wales on Census Day, 21 March 2021. It takes place every 10 years and gives us the most accurate estimate of all people and households in England and Wales.
Response rate
The totalperson response ratefor the census is the number of usual residents for whom individual data were provided in a returned questionnaire, divided by the estimated population of usual residents.
The response rate for the 2021 Census was 97% of the usual population living in England and Wales and over 88% across all local authorities. Most returns (89%) were received online. The response rate exceeded our target of 94% overall and 80% across all local authorities.
Read more about response rates to specific questions at local authority level atSection 4 of our Measures showing the quality of the 2021 Census estimates.
Return to table of contents8.Strengths and limitations
Quality issues along with the strengths and limitations of the 2021 Census in general can be found atQuality and Methodology Information (QMI) for the 2021 Census. Read more about itQuality sexual orientation and gender identity information for the 2021 Census.
More information about our quality assurance procedures is provided on our pageMaximizing the Quality of Census 2021 Population Estimates Methodology.
Return to table of contents9.Related links
Census maps
Interactive content | Updated January 6, 2023
Interactive map tool that visualizes Census 2021 data on different topics at local authority and neighborhood level.
Quality sexual orientation and gender identity information for the 2021 Census
Methodology | Released on January 6, 2023
Known quality information affecting sexual orientation and gender identity data from the 2021 Census in England and Wales.
Sexual orientation and gender identity variables, 2021 Census
Supporting Information | Released on January 4, 2023
Variables and classifications used in the 2021 Census data on sexual orientation and gender identity.
Sexual orientation and gender identity in Wales (2021 Census)
Statistical Bulletin | Released on January 6, 2023
A summary of data from the Welsh Government Census 2021 on sexual orientation and gender identity in Wales.
10.Report this stat sheet
Office for National Statistics (ONS), released 6 January 2023, ONS website, statistical bulletin,Gender identity, England and Wales: Census 2021
FAQs
Gender identity, England and Wales? ›
The question on gender identity was new for Census 2021. It was voluntary and was only asked of people aged 16 years and over. In total, 45.7 million people answered the gender identity question (94.0% of the population aged 16 years and over).
What are the gender statistics in Wales? ›Area Name | Gender identity the same as sex registered at birth (percent) | Non- binary (percent) |
---|---|---|
Wales | 93.28 | 0.06 |
North East | 94.81 | 0.06 |
North West | 94.19 | 0.06 |
Yorkshire and The Humber | 93.65 | 0.06 |
Gender identity is a personal internal perception of oneself and, as such, the gender category with which a person identifies may not match the sex they were registered at birth.
What are the six genders the NHS currently Recognises? ›What are the genders? Woman, Man, Non-Binary, Gender Queer, Gender Fluid, Transgender.
What are the gender stats in the UK? ›according to the 2021 Census, women and girls made up 30.4 million (51.0%) of the population of England and Wales, and men and boys made up 29.2 million (49.0%)
How many people in Wales identify as British? ›The number of people choosing "British" only as their national identity also rose in Wales from 16.9% (519,000) in 2011 to 18.5% (574,000) in 2021.
How many people in Wales identify as English? ›The most common UK identity in Wales in 2021 other than “Welsh” only or “British” only was “English” only with 9.1% of the population (283,000 usual residents), down from 11.2% in 2011. 1.8% of the population selected both “English” and “British” identities (55,000 usual residents), up from 1.5% in 2011.
What if my daughter came out as non-binary? ›“If your child has come out to you as non-binary, one of the best things you can do is educate yourself,” says Geisinger pediatrician Dr. Megan Moran-Sands. “Consider joining an LGBTQ support group on social media, listening to podcasts or reading books on the topic.”
How common is gender dysphoria in the UK? ›Along these lines, it is reported that the number of people with gender dysphoria is actually much smaller than the number of people who identify as trans. In the UK, there are about 650,000 trans people, equating to about 1 in 100.
What is the gender law in the UK? ›In response to its obligation, the UK Parliament passed the Gender Recognition Act 2004, which effectively granted full legal recognition for binary transgender people. Since 4 April 2005, as per the Gender Recognition Act 2004, it is possible for transgender people to change their legal gender in the UK.
What are the 4 main genders? ›
In English, the four genders of noun are masculine, feminine, common, and neuter.
How many genders are there realistically? ›Based on the sole criterion of production of reproductive cells, there are two and only two sexes: the female sex, capable of producing large gametes (ovules), and the male sex, which produces small gametes (spermatozoa).
What are the 7 main genders? ›Through these conversations with real people Benestad has observed seven unique genders: Female, Male, Intersex, Trans, Non-Conforming, Personal, and Eunuch.
Does the UK have gender equality? ›With 72.7 out of 100 points, the United Kingdom ranks 6th in the EU on the Gender Equality Index. The United Kingdom's score is 4.8 points above the EU's score. Since 2010, its score has increased by 4.0 points.
Does gender inequality exist in the UK? ›The U.K. has a persistent gender pay gap, the most significant factors associated with which are part-time work, education, the size of the firm from which the sample is taken, and occupational segregation (women are under-represented in managerial and high-paying professional occupations.)
What is an example of gender discrimination in the UK? ›Sexist abuse and harassment are forms of direct discrimination. Examples of direct sex discrimination include: refusing credit to a married woman without her husband's signature, while a married man is not required to have his wife's signature.
Am I Welsh if I was born in England? ›"Welsh people" applies to those who were born in Wales (Welsh: Cymru) and to those who have Welsh ancestry, perceiving themselves or being perceived as sharing a cultural heritage and shared ancestral origins. Wales is one of the four countries of the United Kingdom.
What is the largest ethnic group in England and Wales? ›The largest ethnic group in the United Kingdom is White British, followed by Asian British. Ethnicity in the United Kingdom is formally recorded at the national level through a census.
Why do the Welsh look Mediterranean? ›However, some people may say that the Welsh look Mediterranean because of their dark hair and olive skin. Others may say that it is because of the way that the Welsh culture has been influenced by Mediterranean countries throughout history.
Are Welsh and English people different? ›Due to their different roots, Welsh and English have very basic differences related to vocabulary and grammar. Years of cultural exchange have filled English and Welsh with words borrowed from each other and gave origin to mixtures of Welsh and English, used every day by code-switching Wales natives.
Why are English and Welsh different? ›
The Welsh language is in the Celtic language group, whereas English is in the West Germanic group; consequently the English language is further from the Welsh language in both vocabulary and grammar than from a number of European languages, such as Dutch, for example.
What are common Welsh surnames? ›Today, the ten most common Welsh surnames, in order, are: Jones, Williams, Davies, Thomas, Evans, Roberts, Hughes, Lewis, Morgan, and Griffiths. Fifty-five percent of the Welsh population has one of these 10 surnames.
Is it normal for a 12 year old to be non-binary? ›A young child's exploration of different gender identities is quite common. However, for some children this may continue into later childhood and adolescence. Some people see gender as existing on a spectrum. This includes male, female and a diversity of gender identities such as non-binary and agender (no gender).
Can you have a non-binary baby? ›Theyby (plural theybies) and non-binary baby are neologisms for a baby or child raised in a way that is gender-neutral, allowing children to choose their own gender, and also referring to the accompanying parenting style.
What is a non-binary son? ›Non-binary people are usually not intersex: they're usually born with bodies that may fit typical definitions of male and female, but their innate gender identity is something other than male or female.
What is the root cause of gender dysphoria? ›The exact cause of gender dysphoria is unclear. Gender development is complex and there are still things that are not known or fully understood. Gender dysphoria is not related to sexual orientation. People with gender dysphoria may identify as straight, gay, lesbian or bisexual.
At what age is gender dysphoria most common? ›Gender dysphoria history: Of the 55 TM patients included in our study, 41 (75%) reported feeling GD for the first time by age 7, and 53 (96%) reported first experiencing GD by age 13 (Table 2).
Do you have to be born with gender dysphoria? ›Studies suggest that gender dysphoria may have biological causes associated with the development of gender identity before birth. More research is needed before the causes of gender dysphoria can be fully understood.
What is the blocking Scottish gender bill? ›The blocked bill is the Gender Recognition Reform (Scotland) Bill, which was passed by the Scottish Parliament in December 2022 with the aim of simplifying the process to obtain gender recognition certificates provided for under the Gender Recognition Act 2004, which applies to the entire United Kingdom (England, Wales ...
What is the gender act in Scotland? ›The changes include reducing the minimum age a person can apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate from eighteen to sixteen, and removing the need for a medical diagnosis and evidence of having lived for two years in their acquired gender.
What is the gender law in Scotland? ›
The Equality Act 2010 makes it generally unlawful to discriminate against people who have a “protected characteristic”, as defined under the Act. These protected characteristics include both “sex” and “gender reassignment”.
What is the unicorn of gender identity? ›The Gender Unicorn is a popular tool to illustrate gender. It depicts gender identity as fluid, based on how one thinks of their gender identity. Someone's sex is assigned at birth and based on biological body parts.
What does it mean if you identify as a unicorn? ›A unicorn is a person who is willing to join an existing couple. They may join the couple only for sex, or they may become a more involved part of the relationship and spend nonsexual, companionship time together too.
What is the meaning of Omnigender? ›Omnigender. A person who identifies as omnigender experiences and possesses all genders.
Is Hermaphrodite a gender? ›No. The mythological term “hermaphrodite” implies that a person is both fully male and fully female. This is a physiologic impossibility. The words “hermaphrodite” and “pseudo-hermaphrodite” are stigmatizing and misleading words.
Is intersex a birth defect? ›Intersex variations are not abnormal and should not be seen as 'birth defects'; they are natural biological variations and occur in up to 1.7 per cent of all births. Most people with intersex variations are not born with atypical genitalia, however this is common for certain intersex variations.
How many genders are there Harvard? ›Harvard University uses the term “gender marker” to refer to gender and offers employees three options for that field: Female, Male, and Nonbinary.
What are the five sexes called? ›In a 1993 paper titled "The Five Sexes", Fausto-Sterling laid out a thought experiment considering an alternative model of gender containing five sexes: male, female, merm, ferm, and herm.
What are the 50 types of gender? ›- Agender. Not having a gender or identifying with a gender. ...
- Bigender. A person who fluctuates between traditionally “male” and “female” gender-based behaviours and identities.
- Cisgender. ...
- Gender Expression. ...
- Gender Fluid. ...
- Genderqueer. ...
- Gender Variant. ...
- Mx.
- Heterosexual. Heterosexual, also known colloquially as straight, is a term that describes those that are attracted to the opposite sex. ...
- Gay. ...
- Lesbian. ...
- Bisexual. ...
- Asexual. ...
- Queer. ...
- Demisexual. ...
- Pansexual.
When did gender equality start UK? ›
On 29 May 1970, 50 years ago today, the Equal Pay Act 1970 was given Royal Assent. This was a landmark moment in the fight for equal pay in the UK. However, 50 years on the UK's overall median gender pay gap is still 17.3%.
Why is gender equality important UK? ›Increased equality leads to a multitude of positive outcomes for everyone: a stronger economy as women's participation in work increases and the pay gap decreases, higher levels of peace and stability, better health outcomes given women (particularly women of colour) receive worse medical care than men, more productive ...
What percentage of men are feminists UK? ›This statistic presents the share of respondents who agree that they define themselves as a feminist, in Great Britain as of 2019, by gender. According to data published by Ipsos, 41 percent of female respondents in the UK agreed that are feminists, whilst 29 percent of male respondents agreed.
What is the gender poverty gap UK? ›Women still made up a higher proportion of those in poverty. Before housing costs, 37 per cent of those in relative poverty were men, and 39 per cent were women (the rest being children); after housing costs, this was 35 versus 37 per cent.
What is the average gender pay gap in the UK? ›The median pay gap remains stubbornly wide at 9.4% – the same level as in 2017-18, when employers were first required to publish the information. About 10,000 companies and public bodies filed their gender pay gaps to the government's reporting mechanism before this week's deadline.
What is the most common discrimination in the UK? ›The most common forms of discrimination – reported by over one in ten people living in Greater London, are: Age discrimination when job hunting (14%) Race discrimination in the workplace (12%)
What are gender critical beliefs UK? ›Gender-critical beliefs include the belief that sex is biological and immutable, people cannot change their sex and sex is distinct from gender-identity.
What is the most common form of discrimination UK? ›Direct Discrimination
Direct discrimination happens when an employee is being treated worse than another employee because of a certain disability or underlying reason. There can be multiple reasons, but the most common ones are age, race, creed or sexual orientation.
The borough of Wandsworth is the most female-dominated place in Britain, with 34,576 women aged 20-29 but only 26,186 men. That equates to 132 women per every 100 men.
Is there a gender pay gap in Wales? ›The charity Chwarae Teg conducted the survey and found that the gender pay gap in Wales currently stands at 11.3% while 14.9% in UK. This means that on average, men earn more per hour than women in both Wales and UK.
What is the demographic data of Wales? ›
Of the 3.1 million usual residents in Wales in 2021, 3,051,549 (98.2%) lived in households and 55,945 (1.8%) lived in communal establishments. Overall, 63.1% of households (850,096) were single family households, 31.9% (429,559) were one person households and 5.0% (67,459) were multiple family or other household types.
What is the Welsh gender service? ›The Welsh Gender Service are a multidisciplinary administrative and clinical team, made up of Consultants, Gender Clinicians, Clinical Psychologists, Speech and Language Therapists and Management who all work together to provide holistic patient-centred care focussing on hormonal, psychological, and social aspects of ...
Which country has highest female to male ratio? ›Worldwide, the male population is slightly higher than the female population, although this varies by country. As of 2021, the Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong, under the control of China, has the highest share of women worldwide with 54.2 percent. Curacao followed directly with 54 percent.
Where does UK rank in gender equality? ›With 72.7 out of 100 points, the United Kingdom ranks 6th in the EU on the Gender Equality Index. The United Kingdom's score is 4.8 points above the EU's score. Since 2010, its score has increased by 4.0 points.
Where are the most single females? ›So, which Michigan city as the most single women in the entire U.S.? That honor goes to Detroit. According to the report, Detroit beat out Baltimore, Maryland, for the city with the most single ladies in America. That's not all, either.
What is the minimum wage in Wales? ›The full increases from 1 April 2023 are:
National Minimum wage (21-22) has increased 10.9%, from £9.18 to £10.18. National Minimum Wage (18-20) has increased 9.7%, from £6.83 to £7.49. National Minimum Wage (under 18) has increased 9.7%, from £4.81 to £5.28. Apprentice Rate has increased 9.7% from £4.81 to £5.28.
Despite the progress that has been made on gender equality, for example in increasing women and girl's access to education, and higher rates of participation of women in the labour market, the pay gap still persists because it is the result of deeply rooted inequalities in societies and the economy.
What is the average monthly wage in Wales? ›The average salary in Wales is £33.9k. The UK average salary was £40.0k in 2022. Gross average salary is calculated for full-time employees. Employee has to be in the same job for over 12 months.
What is the ethnicity of Wales? ›Most people in Wales today regard themselves as modern Celts, claiming a heritage back to the Iron Age tribes. When the Roman legions departed Britain around 400, a Romano-British culture remained in the areas the Romans had settled, and the pre-Roman cultures in others.
What percentage of England is white? ›Government data about the UK's different ethnic groups. 82% of people in England and Wales are white, and 18% belong to a black, Asian, mixed or other ethnic group (2021 Census data).
What percentage of England and Wales is white? ›
The 2021 Census data shows that: the total population of England and Wales was 59.6 million. 48.7 million people (81.7%) were from white ethnic groups – 44.4 million of those identified with the white British group (74.4% of the population) and 3.7 million with the white 'other' ethnic group (6.2%)
What is non binary in Welsh? ›di-ddeuaidd - nonbinary. dirywedd - agender/genderless.
Why are they called Welsh? ›The words “Wales” and “Welsh” come from the Anglo-Saxon use of the term “wealas” to describe (among other things) the people of Britain who spoke Brittonic – a Celtic language used throughout Britain which later developed into Welsh, Cornish, Breton and other languages.
What is advancing gender equality in Wales? ›The aim of the Advancing Gender Equality in Wales plan will be to ensure that all policy areas controlled by Welsh Government take account of the intersecting needs of citizens in Wales when developing and implementing policy and practice.